上海市夫妇婚后15个月时避孕知识状况及影响因素的分析

Shanghai couples' contraceptive knowledge status in the 15 th month after wedding and factors influenced

目的 :了解夫妇各自于婚礼后 1 5个月时避孕知识状况及影响因素。比较影响双方该时点避孕知识得分的因素。方法 :对上海市近 80 0 0对初婚夫妇自办婚礼后进行 2次随访。由拟合多元线性回归模型比较影响因素。结果 :该时点平均避孕知识得分妻子略高于丈夫 ,平均分别为 1 1 .7及 9.9分 ;对避孕措施一无所知分别为 1 .4%及 6.2 % ;对避孕套一无所知分别为 4.8%及 6.3 %。虽 98%的妻子及 81 %的丈夫知晓口服药 ,但能正确讲述其使用方法仅分别为 1 9%及 1 1 % ;分别有 44 %及 3 0 %未能正确掌握使用避孕套。多元回归模型显示 ,该时点夫妇避孕知识主要来自配偶、自我阅读或家庭内环境的改变。不愿服药或对避孕措施持否定态度的妻子其得分明显偏低。而新婚是否曾用避孕措施或多数性行为仅影响丈夫的得分。结论 :妻子产后近期对避孕措施的了解相对较丈夫被动。计划生育人员及社会媒体有必要消除夫妇对口服避孕药认识的误区 。

Objective: To know hushand's as well as wife's contraceptive knowledge status at the 15th month after wedding and factors influenced. To compare factors in influencing husband's and wife's contraceptive knowledge score (CKS). Method: A cohort of about Shanghai 8 000 couples was followed up twice since their marital registration up to the 15th month after wedding. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to identify factors affecting both of the spouse's CKS. Results: The mean CKS for wives was somewhat higher compared with that for husbands, being 11.7 v.s.9.9.About 1.4% wives and 6.2% husbands still knew nothing about contraception and about 4.8% wives and 6.3% husbands were no any knowledge about condom. Although 98% wives and 81% husbands could mention the pill, only 19% women and 11% men could state the application in proper way.Multiple regression models showed that factors influencing both of the spouse' s CKS were mainly come from spousal communication or self reading or some familial environmental changes after delivery. Wives who resisted in taking the pill or with a negative attitude towards using contraceptive methods had much lower level of CKS. The experience of contraceptive use just after marriage and most of the sexual behavior affected husband's CKS alone. Conclusion: It is necessary to teach more knowledge of contraception to Shanghai youth to relieve women's unnecessary worry about pill taken. Wives should also be advised to play an active role in adopting contraceptive methods on their own initiative in cooperation with husbands when they are approaching to their parenthood.