地体构造对金区域成矿的重要意义

The significance of terrane tectonics related to metallogeny of gold deposits

地体构造学是板块构造学的发展和补充 ,几乎所有的地台 (克拉通 )、造山带、大陆板块皆是由独立的地体所构成。相邻地体可由地质特征和区域成矿规律上的不同及边界断裂来鉴别。近二十年来 ,对于金等矿床区域成矿规律的研究 ,发现华北地台 (NCP)和中国东部造山带中金矿的分布与地体构造密切相关。富金地体与贫金地体有明显不同 ,它们在基底的组成 ,岩浆作用、交代蚀变作用 ,构造环境和演化历史方面形成明显的对照。富金地体经常位于地台的边缘与造山带相邻以及位于A型或B型俯冲带的上盘 ,在结晶基底中常有两期绿岩带 ,多时期花岗岩和富挥发分、富大离子亲石元素和富Au的煌斑岩广泛分布。

Terrane tectonics has developed and replenched plate tectonics.Almost all of platforms(cratons),orogenic belts and continental plates are composed of independent terranes.They can be distinguished by the difference in geological characters and regional metallogenic regularity of ore forming and border fault.During the passed twenty years,the research on regularity of ore forming has found that the distribution of gold deposits are closely related to the terrane tectonics in the North China Platform(NCP) and orogenic belts.The gold rich terranes are quite different from the gold barren ones in the components of basement,magmatism,metasomatic alteration,tectonic environment and evolution history.The gold rich terranes are always located at the edge of platform and near the orogenic belt,or on upper wall of A type or B type subducting zone,and there always widely scattered two stage green stone belt,a long time granite and volatile rich,lithophile element rich and gold rich lamprophyre in the crystal basement.Gold barren terranes are always on the opposite.