方家庄地裂缝成因探讨

Discussion on the cause of formation about the ground fracture in Fangjiazhuang

在实地调查掌握区内地裂、房裂时空分布的基础上 ,结合对地质环境、水文地质条件、地下水开采过程及地面变形与地裂关系的研究 ,确定了本区地裂缝的非构造属性。并利用地下水系统理论和太沙基固结原理进行了地裂缝成因机制的探讨 ,认为该区地面升降是导致地裂发生的直接原因 ,粘性土层是地面变形的物质基础 ,大强度交流量开采奥灰水是地面变形的主导因素 ,地下水系统功能和松散层厚度、岩性在横向上的变化 ,是地面不均匀变形的充要条件。当地面变形程度达到足以使土体完整性破坏时 ,地裂缝便在区内应力集中的部位显现。

In the foundation of the investigation of the time and space distributions about the cracks which is appeared on the ground or house in the area, it ascertains that the ground fractures are with a non-structure attribute combining with some research such as the geology circumstance, hydrogeology condition, groundwater exploitation as well as the relation between ground displacement and ground cracks.7From the study of the mechanism of the cause of formation about the ground fractures with the theory of groundwater system and Terzaghi's consolidation theory,it concludes that the ground displacement is the direct factors to cause the ground fractures.The clay is a substance base for the ground displacement and it is a main factor to exploit Ordovician water with big intensity. The function and distribution of underground system as well as the thickness of soil and the difference of rock are a necessary condition for the underground displacement.The ground fracture occurs in a position where the stress is concentrated when the degree of ground displacement is up to the level which can make the soil to be destroyed.