黄河三角洲土地利用与土地覆被的质量变化

A Study on Land Use and Land Cover Quality Change: Taking Yellow River Delta as a Case

土地利用／土地覆被变化（ＬＵＣＣ）在全球环境变化与可持续发展研究中占有重要地位。其质 量变化尤能反映人类开发活动的环境效应。运用遥感信息土地分类和植被指数提取、土壤定点采样 实测和统计分析相结合的方法，研究了黄河三角洲地区数年至２０余年的土地利用／土地覆被的质 量变化。其在区域总体上向好的方向发展，但在内部地段间存在着差异和不平衡。盐渍上改造的任 务仍然十分艰巨。地力下降的隐患不可忽视。进而分析了变化的驱动力并提出土地持续利用对策。

Land use and land cover change (LUCC) plays, an important part in the studies of global environmental change and sustainable development. Land quality change can particularly reflect the impacts of human socio-economic activities on environment. By means of land classification for LUCC to different times of remote sensing information, picking-up vegetation index (NDVI), and assaying field repeated soil samples, as well as statistical analysis, this paper studies land use and land cover quality change of past several to 21 years in the Yellow River Delta. The conclusions are as follows: 1.In the Yellow River Delta, although sediment loads carried by the Yellow River result in rapid expansion of land area, the main driving force of LUCC is derived from human economic activities. 2.In the macroscopic view, land use and land cover quality change shows a tendency to improve because of water conservancy projects, vegetation cover and increase of per unit area yield of crop so that the overall ecological environment is improving in the mass. But in the microcosmic and point analysis, there are different and imbalanced development within the region. The task of transforming saline land is still arduous. The hidden trouble of soil fertility depression can not be neglected. 3.Both natural force and human action can engender environmental positive and negative effects. But it is more difficult to restore the latter made by human activities. The paper brings forward measures for sustainable land use. Finally, there is a discussion about issues of further study.