温州蜜柑不同栽植方式和密度的效应

STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PLANTING DENSITIES AND SYSTEMS IN SATSUMA ORCHARD

通过不同栽植方式和栽植密度充分利用了幼龄温州蜜柑群体优势的试验表明,在密度为74—494株/亩范围内的树冠覆盖率、叶面积系数、光能利用率、产量、经济效益均呈随密度的提高而增加的趋势。其中处理D——双行棱形(296株/亩),F——三株丛栽(494株/亩)和E——宽窄行(494株/亩)三种处理的经济效益分别为对照的2.7倍,2.3倍和1.5倍,是前期较理想的栽植密度和栽植方式。试验进一步表明,随着温州蜜柑树龄的增长,树冠亦逐年扩大,有些处理群体的生态条件出现恶化,可通过疏株改善生态环境,从而使密植园能持续丰产,保持高效益。

Population superiority of satsuma mandarine tree could be fully utilized by using different planting systems and densities during young stage of plants. The results showed that coverage rate of land, leaf area index, utilization rate of light, yield and economic effect were increased with the increment of density in the range of 74—494 plants per mu. Among the test treatments, the economic effect of the double-rhombic (296 plants/mu), tripre-plant hill (494 plants/mu) and narrow and wide rows (494 plants/mu)was 2.7 times, 2.3 times and 1.5 times,respectively, as much as that of normal planting density and systen (CK). These three treatments are more preferable planting systems and densities during young stage.The ecotope became worse in some treatments with the growth of tree crown. The ecotope was improved by thinning some trees in the trial area so that high yield and economic effect could be gained during the late stage of plants.