上海土壤中微量元素水平及其微肥应用区划

MICROELEMENT LEVELS IN SOILS AND REGIONAL PLANNING OF MICROELEMENT FERTILIZER APPLICATION IN SHANGHAI

本研究共用十年时间对上海地区土壤中Zn、Mo、B、Cu、Co、Fe、Mn的含量分布进行了调查及其肥效评价,并利用电子计算机运算结果,对上海地区进行了科学的微量元素应用区划。根据分析结果及微肥实施效果,并运用国际国内目前采用的分级指标,结合作物布局,以行政乡为单位作出了微肥区划应用图。上海市可划分为滨海平原Zn肥显效区;江口沙洲B、Zn肥显效区;中部平原微肥有效区;西部淀泖低地微肥中效区及市郊蔬菜微肥平衡施肥区等五个大区。针对五个区微量元素的含量与分布及其使用特点分别进行了描述,并建立了影响各种微肥肥效的相关因子的数学模式。本文同时对微肥在上海地区不同土壤及不同作物上的使用技术进行了规范说明,并科学地预测了微肥在上海地区的用量及其产生的经济效益。

After ten years of investigation on distribution of microelements Zn,Mo, B, Ca, Co, Fe, Mn in soils of Shanghai and evaluation of the effects of microele ment fertilizers, the statistical results obtained by computer were applied by the authors to regional planning of microelement fertilizer application in Shanghai. On the basis of microelement levels in soils as well as effects of microelement fertilizers anti according to AOAC method, classification standard drafted by Soil Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences and distribution of crops, a chart of regional planning of microelement fertilizer application in Shanghai was drawn by taking administrative village as unit of division. So Shanghai was divided into five regions, namely shore plain region with significant effect of Zn application, river mouth shoal region with significant effect of Zn or B application, central plain region with less effect of micronutrient application,western shallow lake and lowland region with medium effect of micronutrient application and suburban vegetable growing region with less effect of balanced micronutrient application. The level and distribution of microelements in soils as well as the effect of microelement application in the five regions were detailed individually. Mathematical models of correlated factors affecting the effects of microelement fertilizers were established.This paper dealed with also the application technique of microelement fertilizers on different soils and crops.In the meantime, application quantities of different microelement fertilizers in Shanghai and economic benefits of microelement application were forecasted.