某社区人群抗生素应用认知行为干预研究

Interventional Study on Usage Behaviors and Knowledge of Antibiotics in A Community Population

目的 了解社区人群抗生素应用情况 ,并对该人群进行认知、行为干预并评价干预效果。方法 对兰州市某社区人群进行了抗生素应用常识的认知干预。结果 认知干预对患者的就医方式、服用抗生素无效后行为、服用抗生素时间及停药时间均产生了显著性影响 ,正确选择率上升。而抗生素来源、选择抗生素价格、选择抗生素依据、服药方式及抗生素价高、效果好等行为认知干预未能产生显著性影响。年人均收入对就医行为有重要影响 :低收入家庭的就医方式、服用抗生素无效后行为及服药时间均产生了显著的影响 ,正确选择率显著性上升 ;而高收入家庭干预未能产生显著性影响。症状消灭后停药时间 ,低收入家庭干预前后无显著性改善 ,中收入家庭产生显著性改变。结论 医学用药常识宣传能改善社区人群用药及就医选择 ,社区医疗有待完善。

Objective To find out usage behaviors and knowledge of antibiotics in community population and to study the possibility of antibiotics using intervention with medicine education in communities.Methods An intervention of medicine education to one community population was carried out.Results The intervention of medicine education to community population had significant effects on the seeking of medicine advice on patients' behaviors when the drug was invalid, on the time of taking in drugs or stopping them.The sources and prices of antibiotics,the basis of antibiotics selected,how to take in drugs and the higher prices of antibiotics were not significantly affected by the intervention.The average income of patients also played an important role in seeking medicine and antibiotics usage.How to seek medicine,behaviors after no drug affection and time of taking in drugs were significantly enhanced in the lower income population,but these factors were not so high in the higher income population as their pre-intervention correct selecting was much higher.The time of stopping drugs after the disease symptom had lost was not affected in the lower income population but was significantly cared in the higher income population.Conclusion Medical education to community population could significantly change their way of seeking medicines and antibiotics usage.