改变自己 影响世界——20世纪中国外交基本线索刍议

An Outline of Chinese Diplomacy during the 20^(th) Century

本文分 5个时期探讨 2 0世纪的中国外交 ,阐述的重点是国际环境变迁、国内政治变革与中国外交演进三者之间的交互作用 ,各个时期的外交遗产以及隐藏在革命造成的断裂之下的中国外交的连续性。在这一百年间 ,中国外交有两项基本任务 :2 0世纪前半叶 ,中国人追求的是恢复 1 9世纪失去的国家独立和主权 ;2 0世纪后半叶 ,中国外交的核心问题是如何作为一个独立的主权国家同现存世界打交道 ,学习更好地维护自身利益并推动国际秩序朝更加公正合理的方向发展。回顾2 0世纪中外关系的基本特点和中国外交的经验 ,将有助于中国形成成熟的现代外交。

This paper investigates the Chinese diplomacy during the 20 th century in its five periods with the emphasis on the mutual reactions among the changes in international environment, domestic political transformations and the evolution of Chinese diplomacy, diplomatic heritages of different periods and the continuity of Chinese diplomacy underlying the ruptures caused by the revolution. There were two major tasks for the Chinese diplomacy during the 20 th century: in the first half of the century, restoring the national independence and sovereignty lost in the 19 th century; in the second half, learning how to deal with the outside world as an independent sovereign country, to safeguard its own interests and to promote a more just and reasonable world order.