“WP呢?”问句疑问功能的成因试析

An Analysis of the Interrogative Function of "WP呢?

“WP呢 ?”中的“呢”并不负载疑问语气 ,但却是该问句疑问语气得以形成的一个内在因素。在“WP呢CP”中 ,“呢”作为准主位标记 ,要求一个新述位 (CP)以线性相接的方式与主位 (WP)共现。一旦“WP呢”本身脱离了主位结构的线性相接的制约 ,这一形式就将体现出一种强烈的“述位缺项”趋势 ,从而为该形式负载疑问语气提供了可能。篇章距离是“WP呢 ?”得以负载疑问功能的一个极为关键的外部因素 ,即 :只有在“WP呢”与“CP”分属于一个相邻对的不同话轮之时 ,“WP呢”才有可能成为或被重新分析为真正负载疑问功能的疑问句。

This paper is an attempt to analyze the cause of formation of 'WP呢' that often functions as a question. It is pointed out that the particle '呢' here cannot be treated as an element which expresses interrogative mood or interrogative function, but its existence exerts significant on the process in which the 'WP呢'of 'WP呢 CP'transforms into a question 'WP呢?'; besides this, CP missing or too long a distance between WP and CP are two other indispensable factors which act upon with the particle '呢' to cause this transformation eventually.