论政治制度对希波战争双方胜败的影响

The Influence of Political System on Both Belligerents of the Persian War

关于希波战争双方胜败的原因古今中外众说纷纭 ,本文认为不同的政治制度是导致希腊战胜波斯的最重要因素 ,即希腊城邦民主政治对波斯君主专制的优势 ,使希腊能以少胜多、以弱胜强。士气、策略和将领影响冷兵器战争最甚 ,希波战争双方在这三方面表现殊异 。

There are various opinions about the victory and failure of the war between Greece and Persia among the scholars. The article points out that different political system is a crucial factor for Greece defeating Persia, that is to say, the advantage of Greek democracy which is superior to Persian absolute monarchy makes Greece successful. Morale, strategies and leaders affect the cold weapon war mostly. Greece and Persia are different in the three aspects above. The basic reason of this difference is from the divergent political systems.