烹调烟雾职业暴露人群免疫功能的调查分析

Investigation on the immunological indices for cell-mediated immunity in cooking workers

目的 通过对烹调烟雾职业暴露人群外周血T、B淋巴细胞亚群分析、自然杀伤细胞 (NK细胞 )自然杀伤活性测定来了解烹调烟雾对机体免疫功能的影响。方法 利用直接荧光法 ,通过流式细胞仪分析T细胞亚群、B淋巴细胞 ;采用MTT比色法检测NK细胞杀伤活性。结果 经成组t检验 ,暴露组CD3 + 细胞百分率、NK细胞杀伤率明显低于对照组 ,工龄 7年以上被调查者中暴露组CD4+ CD8-T细胞百分率、CD4+ /CD8+ 细胞比值明显低于对照组 ,而CD19+ 细胞百分率两组间差异无统计学意义 ;多因素逐步回归分析表明 ,暴露与否是影响CD3 + 细胞百分率、NK细胞杀伤活性的主要因素 ,同时CD3 + 细胞数还与工龄有关。

Objective To explore the effects of cooking oil fumes on the immune system function of cooking workers by determination T and B lymphocyte subtypes, and measurement of natural killer cell activity in peripheral blood. Methods T lymphocyte subtypes and B lymphocyte cells were determined by the method of immunofluorescence assay using fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). NK cell activity was measured by the method of MTT reduction assay. Results The results showed that the proportion of T cells and the activity of NK cell in the exposed group were obvious lower than those in the controls. Meanwhile, the same results were exhibited on the percentage of CD4 +CD8 - T cells, the CD4 +/CD8 + ratio between the exposed group with working year longer than 7 years and the controls. The proportion of B cells, however, showed no difference between the two groups. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the exposure to cooking oil fume was the main factor of affecting the T cells, NK cell activity, it also showed that the proportion of T cells was related to working years. Conclusion The cell mediated immunity function was inhibited by long term exposure to a lot of cooking oil fumes.