近十年来的海洋灾害与减灾

MARINE DISASTERS AND ITS REDUCTION IN THE LAST 10 YEARS

１０年来，我国沿海地区经济尤其海岸带（沿海带）经济和海洋经济持续、高速发展，社会财富积累量迅速攀升，使承灾体在量上迅速增大，同时也使海洋及海岸灾害经济损失和人员伤亡急速增长，海洋灾害成为中国自然灾害中损失增长最快的。但由于在沿海实施了正确的减灾战略，加大了防灾减灾能力的建设，不但较好地保证了沿海和海洋经济的可持续发展，而且使我国的海洋灾害经济损失系数（灾害经济损失／ＧＤＰ）保持在１。３％的较好水平，这仅为同期全国自然灾害经济损失系数的＊ ３，接近于世界减轻自然灾害较先进的发达国家。

In the last 10 years, the economy of coastal areas, especially coastal zone economy and marine economy attain sustained, rapid development that leads to fast rich of wealth of society and of objects to be hit by natural disasters. It also causes growth of the economic and human loses by marine disasters at high speed and that the marine disaster turn into a disaster type with most speed of growth of loses within all disasters in China. But the implementation of the correct strategy for disaster reduction and the increase in construction of disaster prevention and reduction capacity in the coastal regions well ensure not only sustainable development of coastal and marine economy of China but also decrease of the economy lose coefficient (disaster economic lose / GOP) of marine disaster to an relatively good volume of 1.23%, which is only the 1/3 of that coefficient for all natural disasters in China and approaches the level of those developed countries in which disaster reduction is quite well.