地貌因素在肾综合征出血热疫源地和疫区多元性及其演变中的作用

Effects of Topographic Features Factor in Multiple Forms and Evolution of HFRS's Infectious Focus and Area

目的 探索HFRS的流行规律。方法 1983～ 1998年间 ,先后在遵义和石阡县等地设点 ,对鼠类等小兽进行多种形式不同内容的监测。结果 贵州HFRS疫源地呈多元状态 ,有姬鼠型、家鼠型和混合型 3种 ,它在恒定的地理景观和屏障维持下依赖于特定的宿主动物和传染源黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠等大鼠类保持其相对稳定性 ,当地理景观明显改变 ,屏障作用减弱或消失 ,疫源地演变加速。结论 在绥阳县宽阔水原始森林开发地可能有新的输入型疫源地形成 ;在开阳县落旺河桥一带出现的姬鼠型疫源地扩大而与相邻的家鼠型疫源地重叠形成混合型疫源地 ,这一现象可能预示疫源地演变的一种类型。

Objective To explore the epidemic rule of HFRS.Methods In 1983-1998,little beasts including rats were supervised in various items in Zhuyi county and Shiqian county etc.Results The surveillant results showed that infectious areas of the wild and domestic rat types of HFRS assume various forms:the wild,the house-rat and both mixed types.Infectious areas rely on relative stability of Apodemus agrarius and R.norvegicus in specific host animal and reservoir.When geographic scenes obviously change,the effect of natural defence weakened or disappeared and infectious area evolved obviosly fast.Conclusion The exploited area of original forest in Kuan Kuo Shui,Shui Yang County maybe became a new infectious area.Infectious areas of the wild rat type in Luo Wang river,Kai Yang county expanded to neighboring house rat becoming mixed infectious area one on top of another.The phenomenon maybe indicate a type of evolution of infectious area.