室内可吸入颗粒物与气传真菌致大鼠肺损伤的实验研究

Study on Rat Pulmonary Injury Induced by Indoor Air PM_(10) and Air-borne Fungi

目的 为研究室内可吸入颗粒物 (PM10 )和气传真菌对健康的影响。方法 以SD大鼠为实验对象 ,隔日气管灌注PM10 、真菌及二者混合悬液染毒 1个月。分析支气管肺泡灌洗液生化成分及细胞组成 ,并观察肺组织病理改变。结果 染毒组与对照组相比 ,灌洗液中肺巨噬细胞数量减少 ,比例下降 ,中性粒细胞比例上升 ;白蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶含量升高 ;肺组织表现炎症性改变。各指标观察到剂量-反应关系。统计分析显示PM10 和真菌之间存在联合作用 ,从生化指标数值判断 ,是相加作用。结论 PM10 和真菌可致肺损伤 ,它们之间存在相加的联合作用。

Objective Adverse health effects of indoor air PM\-\{10\} and air-borne fungi on lung were studied by observation on animals exposed to those air pollutants.Methods SD rats were inoculated via treachea with suspensions of PM\-\{10\}, dominant fungi spores and their mixture for a month. The pulmonary pathological injury and the following indexes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were examined,(1)levels of ALB,(2)activities of LDH,ACP,AKP,(3) amount of alveolar macrophage and individual percentages of three kinds of immune cells.Results The levels of ALB and activities of LDH, ACP, AKP in exposed groups were significantly higher than those in control. The amount and percentage of alveolar macrophage in exposed groups were significantly lower than those in control, while the percentage of neutrocyte had a reverse change. Inflammatory pathological changes of lungs were also observed in exposed groups. The dose-response relationships were obseved in the indexes. The statistics analysis showed that PM\-\{10\} and fungi had a joint additive effect on lungs.Conclusion Indoor air PM\-\{10\} and air-borne fungi could induce rat pulmonary injury and could have an additive effect on the two pollutants.