吸烟过程香烟中铅和镉挥发性的研究

Study on Volatility of lead and Cadmium in Cigarette in the Course of Smoking

〔目的〕通过研究吸烟过程中香烟中铅和镉的挥发性 ,确定它们对主动吸烟者及被动吸烟者的危害程度。〔方法〕采用混酸消化样品、微分电位溶出法 (DPSA)测定香烟中铅和镉的本底值与香烟吸过后过滤咀、烟头和烟灰中铅和镉的总残留量 ,并计算挥发量。〔结果〕香烟中铅和镉的总残量与本底值t检验 :铅 ,无差异显著性P >0 .0 5;镉 ,有差异显著性P <0 .0 0 1。〔结论〕在吸烟过程中 ,香烟中铅挥发性较小 ,且通过烟头及过滤咀的吸附 ,对主动吸烟者及被动吸烟者造成危害甚微 ;镉的挥发性较大 ,且过滤咀吸附量较小 ,故对主动吸烟者及被动吸烟者均可能造成危害。

Objective〕 To determine the extent of the harm of lead and cadmium in Cigarette for the active and passive smokers through study on th eir volatility in the course of smoking. 〔Methods〕 Samples were digested in a mixed acid of HNO_3 and HCIO_4 and the background leve l of le ad and cadmium in cigarette and their total residual level of cigarette smoked i n filter tip, cigarette butt and cigarette ask determined by Differential Poteti on metric Stripped Analysis (DPSA) and the volatile quantity calculated. 〔Results 〕 There was no significant difference between the total residual level of Pb in the cigarette and the background level (P>0.05) and there was significant difference between the total residual level of Cd and the background level (P<0 .001). 〔Conclusions〕 The volatility of lead in cigare tte is lower and lead is adsorbed through cigarette butt and filter tip in the c ourse of smoking ,so it does not harm the active and passive smokers. However, v o latile quantity of cadmium is lighter and adsorption capacity of the filter tip is lower, so it does some harm to active and passive smokers.