小麦吸浆虫发生规律及综合防治研究初报

A Preliaminary Investigation on the Regulation of Oecurance of Wheat Midge(Sitodiplosis mosellana Gehin)and Studies on Its Integrated Control

小麦吸浆虫是近年来河牝省主要产麦区回升严重的害虫之一,部分麦田因其危害造成大幅度减产,甚至绝收。经初步研究,危害我省小麦的吸浆虫是小麦红吸浆虫 Sitodiplosimosellana Gehin 属双翅目瘿蚊科。在我省一年发生一代,以虫茧在土中越夏越冬,长达10个多月。活动幼虫为随土温变化而垂直移动,并与小麦生育期相吻合的习性。综合防治包括选用抗虫品种和使用化学农药防治。化学防治要掌握“主攻蛹期,成虫期扫残”的防治策略。田间药效试验表明:用50%甲胺磷或50%辛硫磷或50%DM—合剂(敌百虫加马拉硫磷)等乳剂每亩用药150毫升,加细土20公斤拌匀,于蛹期(4月15日左右)撤施于土内,防治效果均达90%以上,这种方法简便易行,避免污染,可推广应用。成虫期防治,每亩用2.5%溴氰菊酯3000倍或50%乐果乳油1000倍喷雾,或用80%敌敌畏乳剂100毫升,拌麦糠20公斤撒于田间,防治成虫效果均很明显。经在磁县三万亩大面积防治示范,均获得理想效果。小麦品种抗虫性鉴定,初步明确了冀麦20、农大162、西安8号、泰山7号四个品种,小麦红吸浆虫危害粒率仅为0.06～0.31%,抗虫明显可用于生产。

Wheat midge has risen again and caused serious losses of the wheat production in many areas,and even no in yield at all some places in recent years.A Preliminary investigation shows that the wheat midge occurring in Heibei province is Sitodiplosis mosellana Gehin.It has one generation a year)and over wintering and spending summer in the form of cocoon in soil for of more than 10 months.The active levee move up and down with the changes of the temperature of soil and coincide with the developmental stages of wheat plants,The Integrated control practices include chemical control and utilization of insect pests-resist varieties,The field experime- nts show that applications of Dimethy parathion,Methamidophos,phoxin 7.5g a.i.per mu,mixed with 20 kg fine soil,all have effectiveness of above 90% during pupal stage.This control method,which is both more simple and less polluting,can be put into use of wheat product ion. Applications of Decis 3000 X or Dimethoate 1000 Xfor spraying and DDV 8.0 ga.i.per mu,mixed with 20kg wheat husk,for broadcasting in wheat field during adult stage also have distinct effectiveness.The tactics of chemical control should be pupa-stage control and adult-stage control as remedial measure.The demonstration of chemical control with insecticides within act eage of 30000 mu in Chixian County gave ideal effectiveness.The field testing of wheat midge-resistant varieties indicated that Jimai20,Nongda 162,Xian 8 and Taishan 7 were damaged slightly and the percentage of damaged grain was 0.06—0.31%.They showed remarkable resistance to wheat midge and could be planted in the areas where wheat midge occurs.