1995～1998年中药复方研究文献的主题分析与评价

The Analysis and Appreciation of the Themes of the Research Documents about Compound TCM in 1995～1998

目的 :客观反映和评价当前中药复方研究的基本状况、方法特点和存在的问题。方法 :选择国内最具权威性的两个医学文献数据库 :中国生物医学文献数据库 ( CBMDisc)和中国中医药文献数据库 ( TCMDB) ,检索出有关中药复方研究的文献 2 5 15篇。分别建立若干分析数据库 ,对文献中使用的 2 0 0 0 0多个主题词和副主题词的用词特点、数量分布和组配关系等进行计量分析。结果 :( 1)中药复方研究中 ,治疗应用类的文献数量居绝对多数 ;( 2 )复方剂型呈明显多样化趋势 ,尤以注射剂、胶囊、散剂、冲剂、片剂发展较快 ,但汤剂仍最为普遍 ;( 3)药 (包括复方、单味药及其提取物 )的研究与传统中药理论研究 ,在文献数量上形成较大反差 ,后者过于薄弱 ;( 4)在临床上 ,针对西医疾病的复方研究在数量上远超过辨证论治研究 ,两者之比接近 5∶ 1;( 5 )复方研究方法远远突破了中医药学科范畴 ,以现代医学和药学为主的自然科学方法和技术被广泛采用。结论 :新知识、新概念和新技术的大量引入和利用 ,对复方研究的发展产生了强有力的推动作用 ;无论是复方的运用还是组成 ,都是以中医药基本理论为指导的 ,辨证论治的用方原则不应被对病治疗的简单方式所取代 ;复方的药物组成原理与规律研究更待深入。

Objective:To reflect and comment on basic status, methodological characteristic and existent problems presently about the study of TCM's compounds. Methods:selecting authoritative databases of medicine in China: Chinese Diomedicine Database (CBMDisc) and Traditional Chinese medicine Database (TCMDB). 2 515 literatures of TCM's compounds were searched out from them, then analyzed employment, distribution and combination of the subject headings and subheadings over 20 000 in the literatures. Results:(1) Literature of clinical application is absolute majority in the studies of TCM's compounds; (2) The dosage forms of TCM's compounds show an obvious diversification, and especially the injection, capsule, pulvers, medicinal instant granules and tablets develop faster, but application of decoctions is the most widespread among them; (3) There is a great contrast between the studies of herbs (including compounds, single herb and herbal extracts) and traditional Chinese pharmacy theory. The latter is much thinner than the former; (4) In clinic, the study of TCM's compounds aiming at diseases of western medicine is much more than its study on symptoms of TCM. The ratio of the both is about 5∶1; (5) Researchful methods of TCM's compounds have broken through category of TCM far away and science means and technology with a predominance of western medicine have been used broadly. Conclusion:It is beyond all doubt that introduction and adoption of new knowledge, new concepts and new technologies strongly promote development of study of TCM's compounds. But we should pay attention to the thing that its use and combination of herbs must been guided by basic theory of TCM. The diagnosis and treatment based on overall analysis of symptoms and signs shouldn't be entirely replaced by the mode that treatment aiming at diseases of western medicine. The study of principle and law that TCM's compounds are combined should be deepened.