长富_2苹果开花生物学观察

An Observation on Biological Character of Blooming of chang FuⅡApple

为了确定长富:苹果人工授粉和化学疏花的最佳时期,作者于1987年对长富_2苹果的开花生物学进行了研究,初步认为:长富_2苹果的整个花期约持续10天,主要集中于初花后4天;同一花序从中心花开放到边花全部开放也是4天;同一花朵从开放至花瓣脱落为5天左右;由花瓣开放始,柱头的变化过程分5个时期,即嫩黄绿色、嫩黄色、黄色、黄褐色和褐色,前3个时期,柱头都分泌粘液,约持续1—1.5天并与长富_2苹果的盛花初期相一致,该期为人工授粉的最佳时期,盛花初期后第2天为化学疏花的适宜期。

In order to determine the optimum periods for hand pollinating and chemical flower—thinning,the biological character of blooming of chang —Fu Ⅱ apple was investigated in 1987. The result showed that the whole period over bloom lasted about 10days.The full blossom mainly concentrated on 4 days around,after the first blossom.Based on a single flower it took about 5 days from opening to petals fall.During the period mentioned above,the change of stigma by its colonr can be derided into five stsges,namely:light yellow—green,light—yellow,yellow,yellow—brown and brown.Within the former 3 stages some mucus was secreted continuously on the stigma. The phenomenon lasted 1 to 1.5 days.And it was in correspondence with its first full blossom.Therefore this time may be the best period for hand pollination,whereat the seeond-day just after the first full bloss- om may be the best period for chemical flower—thinning.