河北省辣椒(Capsicum frutescens)主要出口基地辣椒病毒病毒源种类鉴定——1.Ⅰ—17、Ⅱ—44、Ⅲ—59和Ⅳ—34分离物的鉴定

Pepper(Capsicum frutescens)Viruses Identification in Major Producing Region of Pepper for Exporting in HebeiⅠ.Identification of Four Isolates:Ⅰ-17,Ⅱ-44,Ⅲ-59 and Ⅳ-34

从辣椒上分离到的Ⅰ—17、Ⅱ—44、Ⅲ—59、和Ⅳ—34四个病毒分离物,根据其病毒形态、大小、血清反应、蚜虫传毒特性、体外稳定性、寄主范围和症状特点,Ⅰ—17、Ⅱ—44和Ⅲ—59分离物鉴定为黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)的三个不同分离物,Ⅳ—34鉴定为烟草花叶病毒(CMV)。CMVⅠ—17、Ⅱ—44和Ⅲ—59三个分离物的病毒形态为球状,直径约28nm,免疫琼脂双向扩散试验结果:它们与 CMV 有密切的亲缘关系,三个分离物均由棉蚜、桃蚜以非持久性方式传播;钝化温度:Ⅰ—17为55—60℃,Ⅱ—44为66—70℃,Ⅲ—59为60—65℃,三个分离物的稀释限点均为10^(-4)—10^(-5),体外保毒期均为5天;在辣椒、黄瓜、心叶烟和普通烟等寄主上引起系统花叶,在奎宁藜、豇豆、蚕豆等植物上引起局部枯斑,不侵染十字花科植物。Ⅰ—17、Ⅱ—44和Ⅲ—59三个分离物在心叶烟、黄花烟、普通烟、蚕豆、蕃茄、曼陀罗等寄主上的侵染性及症状反应不同,在不同辣椒(甜椒)品种上的症状反应也存在差异。TMVⅣ—34分离物病毒粒子形态为直杆状,大小约为300×18nm,免疫琼脂双向扩散试验表明它与烟草花叶病毒(TMV)存在亲缘关系;不能由蚜虫传毒,致死温度为95°—100℃,稀释限点为10^(-10)—10^(-11),体外保毒期2个月以上;在普通烟、毛叶烟、三生烟、辣椒、蕃茄等寄主上表现系统花叶,在心叶烟、曼陀罗、奎宁藜、黄色藜、枯斑三生烟等寄主上引起枯斑症状,不侵染黄瓜和蚕豆等植物。

Four isolates,Ⅰ—17,Ⅱ—44,Ⅲ—59 and Ⅳ—34 were isolated from pepper.Based on the morphology of virus particles,serological reactions,stability in sap,aphid transmissibitity,symptoms on different host plants and host ranges,three isolates,Ⅰ—17,Ⅱ—44 and Ⅲ—59 were identified as three different isolates of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) and Ⅳ—34 isolate as Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV). The Virus particles of the first three isolatcs were isometric about 28nm in diameter.In doublediffusion test,the result showed that Ⅰ—17, Ⅱ—44,and Ⅲ—59 were closely related to CMV.They were transmitted by Myzus persicae Sulz or Aphis gossypii.The thermal inactivation points were 55—60℃,65—70℃,and 60—65℃ respectively,with the dilution and points being 10^(-4)—10^(-5).Infectivity was maintained at room temperature for 5 days. They induced systemic mosaic in Capsicum frutescens,Cueumis sativus,Nicotiana glutinosa,and Nicotiana tabacum.They induced local lesions in Chenopodium quinoa,Vigna sinensis,Vicia faba and so on. They did not infect plants of Cruciferae. Besides the aboe,thesve three isolates induced different symptoms in Nicotiana glutinosa,Nicotiana tabacum,Nicotiana rustica,Vicia faba, Lycopersicum esculentum,Datura stramonium and differnt pepper varieties as well. TMV(Ⅳ34):Virus particle was straight,rigid rubles with length C. 300~18nm.In double-diffusion test,the result showed Ⅳ—34 was closely related to TMV.It could not be transmitted by Myzus persicae or Aphis gossypii.The dilution end point: 10^(-10)—10^(-11);the thermal inactivation point (10min):95—100℃ and infectivity was maintained at room tempe- rature for more than two monthes,Ⅳ—34 systemically infected Nieot- iana tabacum,Nicotiana sylvestris,Nicotiana tabacum CV.Samsun, Capsicum frutescens,Lycopersieum esculentum Mill and so on.In Nicotiana glutinosa,Datura stramonium,Chenopodium quinoa, Chenopodium amaranticolor,Ⅳ—34 induced local lesions.Ⅳ—34 couldn't infect Cucumis sativus and Vieia faba.