浙江两城市中小学生伤害现况研究

A Cross- sectional Study on Injuries in Children and Yong Adults in Zhejiang Province

目的 探讨我省城市中小学生伤害发生现况和常见伤害的种类原因,为伤害干预提供依据。方法 选择浙江省两个城市,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,调查了23所学校19670名7～18岁的中小学生在过去1年中的伤害发生情况。结果 1年内有4314人发生伤害6582次,伤害总发生率为33.46％(男性 35.54％,女性31.41％),以10～12岁年龄组伤害发生率最高(41.36％),16～18岁组发生率略有下降。以跌伤(14.25％)、碰撞伤(4.65％)、刀割伤(4.55％)、烫伤(1.59％)、锐器刺伤(1.58％)发生率为高,主要发生在运动和玩耍时,以轻伤为主,故意伤害占8％。28.96％伤害病例去医院门诊治疗,1.13％的病例住院治疗,平均每例需要休息1.56d,活动受限2.23d,缺课0.43d,直接医疗费用78.31元。学生家庭父母的职业和文化程度对子女伤害发生率有很大的影响。结论 伤害在城市中小学生中常见、多发,对学生个人及家庭和社会带来巨大负担,必须开展健康教育和健康促进,积极预防。

Objective To study the incidence of injury among children and young adults and the causes of common in juries in urban area of Zhejiang province.Methods 19670 aged 7to 18 years, 19 primary and middle sckools were recruited with stratified cluster sampling during June 2000 to May 2001 .Results 4314 students suffered from varied injuries during the past year.The total incidence was 33.46% (35.54% for boys and 31.41 for girls), with a peak at primary school (aged 10- 12, 41.36%) .The leading causes of injuries were falls (14.25%), collision (4.65%), knife - cutting (4.55%), scalds (1.59%), scalds (1.59%), injury by sharp articles (1.58% ) , which usually occurred due to carelessness in sports, playing, walking and bike - riding. After suffered injuries, 28.96% of total cases were cured in out - clinic and 1.13% in the clinic.78.31 yuan were spent per case.The occupations and education degerees of their parents strongly affected the incidence of injuries of their kids. Conclusions Injury was a common and frequently incident among children and young adults and could seriously affect their health and family. Health education and health promotion are the important measures to prevent from in juries.