夏季盖膜晒地防治棉枯、黄萎病的研究

The Studyof Solar Heating of Soil for Control of Cotton Fusarium Wilt and Verticillium Wilt in Summer

1983—1987年对土壤耕作层温度的变化规律、土壤内棉枯、黄萎病菌的清长动态以及夏季盖膜晒地防治棉枯、黄萎病的效果进行了研究。盖膜四十余天,可使病株率从95.5%下降为2.5%,病情指数从67.24%下降为1.3%,棉花产量增加136.1%。0、5、10和25cm 的地温分别可达到50—68℃、45—55℃、37—46℃、36—45℃。棉枯萎菌历时36天可全部被杀死,棉黄萎菌历时27天可全部被杀死。

From 1983 to 1987,We carried out studies of the law of the temper- ature changes in the soil and the increase or decrease tendency of cotton Fusarium wilt and Vertixillium wilt in the soil and the effect of solar heating of the soil to control of Cotton Fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt in summer.During 42 days,the disease incidence was decreased from 95.5% to 2.5%,and the disease index from 67.24% to 1.3%,output of cotton was increased 136.1%. Maximal temperatures were 50—68℃ when mulcher soil depths were ocm,45—55℃ when 5cm,37—46℃ when 10cm,36—45℃ when 25cm. Fuserium Oxysporum f.sp.Vasinfectum and V.dahliae were eradica- ted 100% for 36 days and 27 days.