基于GFP的FRET应用

Applications of FRET based on GFP

绿色荧光蛋白（ＧＦＰ）是一种活体荧光标记，已被用来研究基因表达、分子定位、蛋白质折叠和转运；荧光共振能量转移（ＦＲＥＴ）是一种无损伤的光学检测方法，能检测到小干纳米的距离变化。将ＧＦＰ的活体定位标记功能与ＦＲＥＴ的高分辨率相结合，为活体研究生物分子的功能和命运开创了新的篇章。作者在介绍 ＧＦＰ和 ＦＲＥＴ原理的基础上；综述了基于 ＧＦＰ的 ＦＲＥＴ在蛋白酶活性、蛋白质间相互作用和构象改变研究中的应用。

As a genetically encoded tag, green fluorescent protein(GFP) has served as a versatile tool in cell biology for studying gene expression, molecular locating, protein folding and trafficking. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) is a non-invasive optical method which can detect distance change as short as one nanometer. The combination of GFP technology and FRET microscope offered high(subcellular) resolution and sensitivity in living cells, and thereby creates new horizons for studying the fate and function of biomolecules in vivo. This review introduced GFP and the theory of FRET. Applications of GFP-based FRET in the study of protein-protein interactions, protein conformational changes and proteolytic processing was also summarized.