梨花粉育性和交配亲和性研究

Studies on Pollen Fertility and Crossability of Pear Cultivars

对苹果梨、南果梨等12个品种的花粉育性和以苹果梨为母本的授粉组合交配亲和性进行了研究.结果发现,梨的育性可分为花粉不育、功能性不育和正常可育等不同类型.梨的自交和品种间杂交的亲合性主要由配子体基因型控制,按亲和性差异可将品种组合分成高亲和、亲和和不亲和3种类型.探讨了不同培养基对梨花粉萌发率的影响,提出了适于梨花粉生活力鉴定的培养基配方.

Abstract In this paper, pollen fertility was investigated on 12 pear varieties, including Nanguo Li and Pingu Li, and the crossability was studied by various combinations with Pinguo Li as female. The result showed that the pear varieties could be divided into three classes by fertility: male-fertile, functional male-sterile and male-sterile. The self and cross-compatibitity of pears was gametophytic, and the combinations of pear could be devided into three types by compatility: compatible, weak-compatible and incompatible. The effect of various culture media was investigated for pollen/germination, and a good culture medium was given for identifying the germinating power of pear pollen.