海底薄地层和硬地层声速测量方法的研究(射线参数法和折射法分析)

A sdudy of measuring acoustic velocities of thin and hard sea-bed layers

应用T^2-X^2法测量海底薄地层和硬地层的声速常常不能得到满意的结果。为此,有必要在一个由声源和拖曳水听器阵组成的声速测量系统中设置接射线参数法和折射法测量海底地层声速的处理功能。本文从这两种方法的测量原理出发,着重研究了地层回波时距数据的处理方法,以及由各种因素(如回波时间随机抖动和地层界面倾斜角不确定性等)所引起的声速测量误差等问题。射线参数法和折射法测量声速的数据处理和运算过程已经用TURBO-PASCAL语言编程,并通过对典型实例的模拟计算作了验证。

It is usually unsatisfactory to use the T2-X2 approach for measuring acoustic velocities of thin and hard sea-bed layers. Therefore the applications of the ray-parameter method to thin layers and the refraction method to hard layers need to be considered in an acoustic velocity measurement system composed of a sound source and a towed hydrophone streamer. Some practical problems of applying the two methods, such as echo-data processing procedures and error estimations in measuring acoustic velocities, are discussed, and the effectiveness of theoretical analyses has been verified through computer simulations.