长江中下游防洪模型研究——可行性及规划方案简介

Research on flood control model for middle and lower Yangtze River ——introduction to feasibility study

防洪是长江流域治理开发的首要任务。建国以来通过防洪建设 ,目前长江中下游已初步形成了由堤防、水库、分蓄洪区、河道整治工程等组成的防洪体系 ,在长江防汛中发挥了重要作用。但是 ,长江中下游洪水来量与河道的安全泄量不相适应的矛盾仍然存在 ,防洪形势仍十分严峻。三峡工程建成后 ,长江中下游防洪能力将有很大提高 ,但同时也由于水库调节作用 ,年内径流分配过程将发生变化 ,从而引起水沙关系、江湖关系等发生重大变化 ,给长江中下游防洪带来一系列新问题。因此 ,应建立防洪实体模型并结合数学模型进行深入研究 ,为长江中下游防洪战略、防洪规划及防洪减灾对策的制定提供科学依据和技术支撑。

Flood control is the first and important task for the development of Yangtze River basin. Recently, a flood control system including embankments, reservoirs, flood storage projects, and river regulation works has been primarily formed since 1949 up to now. However, the contradiction between the flood quantity in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and the safety discharge capacity of the river channel is still exist, so the flood prevention situation is still a severe problem. Moreover, after the Three Gorges Project being completed, on one hand the discharge capacity of the middle and lower Yangtze River will be greatly increased, but on the other hand, due to adjustment of reservoirs, the annual discharge distribution process will be changed and thus will make the water sediment relation and river lake relation be greatly changed too. All these may cause a series of new problems to flood control. So,for providing scientific bases and technical supports for the flood control stra tegy, planning and searching efficient disaster diminution countermeasures, a flood control physical model should be built, in combination with mathematical model, to go further into this problem.