赤道中印度洋夏季变温对中国夏季降水影响的数值模拟

Simulations of the Effects of the Variations of Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly in the Equatorial Indian Ocean on the Precipitation in China

利用大气环流模式模拟了赤道中印度洋海区夏季变温与海温本身异常对中国夏季降水的影响。结果表明：当该海区夏季正（负）海温距平值呈递增（递减）变化时，激发出的降水场的正（负）异常幅度比正（负）海温距平强迫下相应的降水场的正（负）异常幅度大；但当正（负）海温距平呈递减（递增）趋势变化时，激发出的降水异常场与正（负）海温距平强迫下相应的降水异常场的分布形势类似（不同），异常幅度也有所差异。夏季中印度洋不同类型的海温异常对大气加热的不同，导致东亚季风和印度季风的不同变异，暖海温异常下引起东亚季风的明显偏强，而冷海温异常下引起印度季风的明显偏强。

The effects of the variations of sea surface temperature anomalies (SST VA) in the equator. ial Indian Ocean on the precipitation anomalies in China are simulated. The results show that when the positive (negative) SSTA is gradually increasing (decreasing), the positively (negatively) anomalous amplitude of precipitation increases. However when the positive (negative) SSTA is gradually de-creasing (increasing), the precipitation anomalies are similar to (different from) those induced by posi-tive (negative) SSTA, and the anomalous amplitudes are different. Under the different SSTA of the equatorial Indian Ocean, the variations of the East Asian Monsoon and the Indian Monsoon are differ-ent due to the different heating. The East Asian Monsoon is stronger when the SSTA is positive, while the Indian Monsoon is stronger when the SSTA is negative.