不同土壤侵蚀背景下土地利用的时空演变

The Analyse on Spatial-Temporal Feature of Land Use and Land Cover under the Defferent Background of Soil Erosion

为了研究土地利用、土地覆盖的时空变化 ,本文在遥感技术与GIS技术的支持下 ,对不同土壤侵蚀背景下土地利用的时间动态特征和空间动态特征进行了定量分析。具体表现为通过空间分析 ,对中国近五年来不同土壤侵蚀背景下的土地利用类型 ,如耕地状况、森林植被覆盖、城镇工矿建设用地等时空特征进行了动态分析。研究结果表明 :我国土壤侵蚀以水力、风力、冻融侵蚀为主 ,水力侵蚀以微度水力侵蚀为主 ,在微度水力侵蚀区 ,耕地、草地、建设用地面积增加 ,其中耕地增加最多 ,林地、未利用地面积逐渐减少。风力侵蚀以剧烈风力侵蚀为主 ,在微度风力侵蚀区 ,草地面积减少 ,而未利用地的面积增加 ;在轻度、中度、强度风力侵蚀区 ,耕地、林地、未利用地用地面积增加 ,草地面积减少。在冻融侵蚀区 ,草地面积有显著增加 。

The research of spatial-temporal features of land use and land cover is significantly important for better understanding land use/land cover change and environmental management for sustainable development. In order to study the spatial-temporal changes of land use and land cover, the technologies of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System were used to analyze the spatial distribution of spatial-temporal feature of land use and land cover under the different soil erosion. It is shown that the main types of soil erosion are water soil erosion, wind soil erosion and frozen soil erosion in China. The maximum of percentage of types of water soil erosion and frozen soil erosion are slight water soil erosion and slight frozen soil erosion. The maximum of percentage of types of wind soil erosion is fierce wind soil erosion.So, The wind soil erosion is the most serious environment and socioeconomic problems in China, especially in the north China where sandy desertification is developing rapidly over large areas and receiving widespread attention.