陕北洛川塬黄土崩滑及谷坡扩展模式

Loess Slump and Gully Slope Expanding Model of Luochuan Plateau in Shaanbei

陕北洛川黄土塬是水土流失严重的地区。通过野外调查发现黄土崩滑作用是造成该区水土流失的主要之一 ,发育于黄土塬 -沟谷过渡地带。该区黄土崩滑首次被划分为单面崩滑及栅格崩滑两种基本类型。黄土单面崩滑主要分布于冲沟、切沟地貌环境 ,而栅格崩滑主要分布于级别较高的沟道之中 ,活跃于区域Ⅲ、Ⅳ级沟道 ,显示出黄土崩滑与区域水文网之间的对应关系。根据地貌景观和沟谷几何特征第一次提出洛川黄土塬河道谷坡以陡倾加宽和鱼鳞状后退扩展为模式。黄土崩滑是蚕塬的重要方式 ,在水土保持过程中 ,应加强不同类型崩滑的针对性研究、预报和防护治理 。

Shaanbei Luochuan loess plateau is one of soil erosion districts which is mainly resulted from loess slump. Loess slump usually takes place in the transitive area between the plateau and gullies. Loess slump could be divided two types: one is the single side slump most occurred in gullies, other one is the grid landslide often occurred in ravines. The expanding model of gully slopes in Luonan follows fish-scale pattern with steep slope. Loess slump is one of main ways to erode Luochuan plateau which should be studied and forecasted specifically during soil conservation in order to get better effect.