秋水仙素诱导菊花脑多倍体的研究

STUDY ON INDUCTION OF POLYPLOIDDendranthema nankingense WITH COLCHICINE

利用秋水仙素对菊花脑进行浸种诱导多倍体 ,比较了不同处理浓度和时间的效果。结果表明 ,0 .5 g/L浓度处理 4 8h可以获得较好的效果 ,植株形态变异率为 83.1% ;1.0 g/L、2 .0 g/L浓度处理 12h以上变异率虽然升高 ,但由于生长抑制严重 ,后期死亡率明显升高 ;诱变株结实率和种子发芽率明显低于对照。对 4个形态变异株进行了叶片气孔保卫细胞大小、叶绿粒数测定和根尖细胞染色体观察 ,鉴定出四倍体菊花脑 1株 (2n =36 ) ,嵌合体

Polyploid Dendranthema nankingense was induced by means of immersing new diploidy seeds in colchicine solution. The induction effects of various concentrations and treatment time on D. nankingense were compared. The results showed that the treatment of 0.5g/L concentration for 48h was better, resulting in 83.1% induction rate. When treated with 1.0g/L and 2.0g/L aqueous solutions of colchicine for 12 hours or even longer ,the mortality rate of seedlings is very high.Setting rate of induced plants and germination rate are obviously lower than CK. The guard cells size of stomata ,number of chloroplasts per stoma and chromosome number of root tip cells of 4 morphological variation plants were observed ,one tetraploid plant(2n=36) and one mosaic plant were identified.