国外降雨径流污染过程及控制管理研究进展

Recent Progress of Diffuse Pollution on Loading,Control and Management

降雨径流污染指在降雨径流的淋溶和冲刷作用下 ,大气、地面和土壤中的污染物扩散性地进入地表水和地下水中而造成水环境污染 ,主要起源于农业生产过程中大量使用化肥和农药 ,土壤侵蚀 ,牡畜粪便 ,城市地表径流以及森林采伐活动 .本文概述了国外降雨径流污染的研究成果 ,介绍了各种类型的降雨径流污染的发生过程和污染物的迁移转化规律 ,模型化研究 ,不同类型的控制和管理措施 .

Diffuse pollution originate from diffuse areas that intermittently contribute pollutants tsurface and groundwater.Normally,the soil erosion and application of chemical fertilizer and pesticide in crop roduction,domesti animal waste in rural areas,surface runoff from urban areas,logging operations are considered as the important source of diffuse pollution.The recent research on diffuse pollution abroad is reviewed in this paper,including of the process of occurrence,loading and transformation of pollutant,modeling,control and management.