七星瓢虫对麦长管蚜捕食作用及其模拟模型的研究

STUDIES ON PREDATION AND SIMULATION MODEL OF SEVEN SPOT LADYBIRD, COCCINELLA SEPTEMPUNCTATA L. TO WHEAT APHID,MACROSIHUM AVENAE F.

实验室内16—21℃的温度下,七星瓢虫雌成虫捕食行为集中在8:00—22:00。瓢虫各龄幼虫及雌成虫对麦长管蚜的功能反应均属Holling Ⅱ型。28℃时,瓢虫雌成虫的攻击率最大,处理时间最短。随温度增加,攻击率减小,处理时间增加。假设:猎物种群在无捕食者存在时,呈Logistic曲线增长;捕食者随机搜寻猎物。对猎物的功能反应为Holling Ⅱ型,捕食者个体间存在相互干扰;捕食者种群存在一个最低死亡率K_0,随种群增大,死亡率增加,增加速率与密度成反比;捕食者取食的猎物转化为自身部分的比例为β。 七星瓢虫-麦长管蚜捕食作用系统模拟模型:较好地描述了当麦长管蚜种群增长到某一数量时,放置一头瓢虫雌成虫后蚜虫种群增长过程。本文对模型平衡点作了局部稳定性分析。

Seven spot ladybird,Coccinella septempunctata are beneficial to crop, because of their predacious habits. In recent years, the ladybirds have played an important role in the biological control of cotton aphids in China. In laboratory,the functional response of the larve and female adult of ladybird to aphid belongs to the type of Holling I .Ladybird has the largest attacking rate and smallest handling time at 28癈. Assuming thata. Prey population has a logistic growth.b. Predator searches for prey randomly, its functional response to prey is in Holling Ⅱ , and the individuals of predator interact each other.c.Predator has the lowest rate of mortality which increases with the enlargement of predator population, and the speed of increase in mortality rate is inverse proportion to prey density.d. The proportion that predator turns prey eaten into predators body is p. The ladybird-wheat aphis predatiort simulation model is expressed as follows. The model describes fairly wheat aphid population growth that one female adult of ladybird is planted into the experimental cage, when the density of aphid rearches 50, 90, and 130, respectively. The paper also analyses the local stability of simulation model.