杉木的混农林业

Agroforestry of Chinese Fir

<正> 杉木是中国南方的重要用材树种,栽培十分广泛,人工造林历史在一千年以上,目前杉木人工林达1.0×10~7ha。杉木林地混种农作物是杉木产区的传统习惯,并形成一种独特的栽培制度,通过林粮间作,以耕代抚,既有农业收益,又抚育了杉木,促进了幼林的生长。这项经验在杉木产区长期世代相传,且因地制宜,在问作方式、作物种类等方面不断发展,如间种方式上有先农后林、林农同时或先林后农等,间种作物种类还有油料作物。

Planting Chinese fir with intercropping crops has a long tradition in south China. It has developed a specific cultural system for nearly 1000 years and accumulated a great sum of experience. This paper presents the ecological habits of Chinese fir and habitats under its forest, main species and structure of intercropping crops and their cropping measmes. Finally, the economic, ecological and social effects of the agroforestry are evaluated and existing problems are discussed.