陇中半干旱区小麦和玉米补灌效应研究

Effect of supplementary irrigation of spring wheat and corn in semiarid area

对甘肃省中部半干旱区不同补灌条件下小麦、玉米的产量和水分效应以及生理特性进行了研究。结果表明 :集雨补灌对旱地作物具有补偿或超补偿效应 ,能大幅度提高作物的产量水平。小麦在拔节 +孕穗期分次补灌 45 mm水、地膜玉米在大喇叭口期一次性补灌 60mm水增产效果较好 ,并且水分利用率较高。小麦不同时期补灌产量顺序为拔节 +孕穗期 >孕穗期 >拔节期 ,玉米不同时期补灌产量顺序为大喇叭口期 >拔节 +大喇叭口期 >拔节期。相关回归分析表明 ,小麦、玉米叶片叶绿素含量及光合速率 ( Pn)

The field experiment was carried out at the trial station of Dingxi county in semiarid area of central Gansu. Wheat and corn were selected as trial crop, and supplementary irrigation (SI) quantities and SI. stages were selected as trial factors. The results of experiment showed that it has improved the level of yield of crop under SI, and there were compensation or over compensation effect for dryland farming crop. There were over compensation effect when irrigated by 45 mm water at jointing+booting stage in wheat and 60mm water at big horn stage in film mulched corn. The order of yield of wheat and corn in different SI. stages were jointing+booting>booting>jointing, and big horn >jointing+big horn>jointing, respectively. SI. ameliorated physiological properties of wheat and corn. The content of chlorophyll?the photosynthesis rate (Pn) ?leave water use efficacy (WE) and the transpiration rate (TR) of SI. Treatments were raised compared to CK. SI have prolonged the functional stage of blades.\;