用木霉、类木霉对水稻纹枯病进行生物防治的研究

Biological Control of Rice Sheath Blight with Trichoderma and Thichoderma-like

从腐烂稻草上分离到 6个对水稻纹枯病菌有较强拮抗作用的菌株 ,经室内初步鉴定属于木霉、类木霉 ,经 PDA平板拮抗试验表明 ,黄绿木霉的 T3菌株抑菌率最大 ,为 5 2 .5 4%。纤维素酶活力测定试验表明 ,钩状木霉 >黄绿木霉 >绿粘帚霉 ,与抑菌试验结果并不同。田间试验结果表明它们对水稻纹枯病具有一定防效 ,以 T1～ T6混合菌喷施处理防效最好 ,可达 32 .2 5 %,并对结实率和千粒重等产量因素有较大提高作用。

A total of six mycetes antagonists to Rhizoctonia solani were obtained from rice straw and identified as Trichoderma and Trichoderma-like. In dial culture, Trichoderma and Trichoderma-like were obvious antagonism against R. solani. On PDA plate, the antagonistic result showed that the inhibition rate of T3 (antagonistic mycetes of T. aureoviride) was the highest, reaching 52.54%. The result of cellulase activities test showed T. hamatum>T. aureoviride>Gliocladium virens, but the result was different from that of antagonistic test. In field test it showed that the fungal strains had good antagonism against R. solani. The control effect of fungal strains mixture was 32.25%, and had good effects on seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight of rice plants.