中国森林可持续经营的挑战与对策

Challenges and Countermeasures of Sustainable Forest Management in China

森林是陆地生态系统的主体和联系环境与发展的重要纽带。文中在分析了中国森林、林业的现状和森林可持续经营的问题与困难的基础上 ,初步探讨了森林可持续经营的对策。中国森林可持续经营基本的要求、任务和途径分别是保护好现有的森林资源、并不断扩大新的森林资源和实施森林的分类经营。为了促进中国森林可持续经营的实施 ,当前紧要的任务是建立森林可持续经营的支撑体系 ,这些体系包括森林资源与环境的监测体系 ,森林可持续经营的标准与指标体系 ,林业生态保障体系 ,森林资源规划与管理体系 ,森林与林业政策、法规的保证体系 。

Forest is the main body of terrestrial ecosystem and the important link between environment and development. Based on the analysis of the current status of forest and forestry and the weak points for sustainable forest management (SFM) in China, this paper makes a preliminary study on the possible measures for sustainable forest management. It is supposed that the basic requirement, task and way of SFM in China is to protect the existing forest resources, enlarge forest resources and implement forest management according to forest classification respectively, and the urgent task, at present, is to establish the supporting system, which include forest resources and environment monitoring system, criteria and indicator system for SFM at the level of regional and forest management unit, forestry ecological safeguarding system, forest planning and management system, forest and forestry policy ensuring system, as well as strengthening participation of public in SFM.