耐久性及永久性叶轮血泵研究的新进展

Recent Progress in Durable and Permanent Impeller Blood Pumps

为了提高血泵的使用寿命 ,笔者首先研制出一种具有滚动轴承和洗刷系统的耐久性血泵 ,这种滚动轴承采用耐磨性极好的超高分子量聚乙烯材料做滚子 ,能使血泵工作数年以上 ,而洗刷系统通过输液能使轴承一直在生理盐水和肝素中工作 ,也就不会生成血栓 在此设计基础上 ,作者发展了叶轮转子能够作轴向颤动的耐久性血泵 ,转子的轴向颤动使新鲜的血液在血泵的每个搏动周期进出轴承并洗刷转子 ,轴承内也就不会生成血栓 ,同时也避免了生理盐水注射的不便 ,提高了受体的舒适度和生活品质 最后 ,笔者在永磁磁浮叶轮血泵的研制方面取得了突破 ,血泵转子在永磁磁力和非磁力共同作用下 ,能够悬浮在血液中工作 ,无需位置测量和反馈控制 这种可植入的 ,能产生搏动流并具有良好血液相容性的耐久性叶轮血泵将比以往各种血泵具有更好的应用前途 。

In order to realize the performance durability of impeller blood pumps, the author firstly has developed a durable impeller pump with a rolling bearing and a purge system ,in which the wear-less rollers made of super-high-molecular weight polythene keep the pump working for years without mechanical wear; and t he purge system enables the bearing to work in saline and heparin, and no thromb us therefore could be formed.Secondly, a durable centrifugal pump with a rolling bearing and an axially reciprocating impeller has been developed. The axial rec iprocation of the rotating impeller makes the fresh blood in and out of the bear ing and wash the rollers once a cycle; in this way, no thrombus can be formed and no fluid infusion is necessary, which may bring inconvenience and discomfor t to the receptors. Finally, a permanent maglev impeller pump has been developed and its rotor is suspended and floating in the blood under the action of permane nt magnetic force and nonmagnetic forces, with no need for position measurement and feed-back control. In conclusion, an implantable, pulsatile, blood compatible and durable impeller blood pump may have more extensive applicat ions than ever before and can replace the donor heart for transplantation in t he future.