论开放经济中的地区竞争优势——兼谈经济全球化与西部大开发

On the competitive advantage in an open economy:globalization and western exploitation

我国“西部大开发”战略旨在缩小东西部经济发展差距 ,西部必须走出由重工业和低效农业构成的封闭的二元经济格局。经济全球化是世界经济发展到以科技作为核心竞争力 ,生产、管理、销售和服务高度专业化、标准化 ,以全球市场为目标的客观趋势。尽管西部绝大部分地区目前还不具备参与全球经济竞争的优势 ,但也要抓住经济全球化这一历史性大变革的机遇。西部要在经济全球化的背景下实现二元经济结构的转换 ,就必须依托我国整体经济竞争能力的提高 ,因而要更以整体利益为重 ,立足西部 ,国内优先 ,发挥比较优势。同时 ,西部必须认识到 ,只有企业才是市场经济的主体 ,才能引导技术和资金流向西部 ,才能组织专业化分工 ,支撑专业化分工的规模经济 。

The strategy of western exploitation is made to narrow the gap between the eastern and western area,which means the western area should step out of a closed dual economy frame of heavy industry and low profitable agriculture. Under the background of globalization, a trend of higher specification and standardization in produce, management, sale and service aiming global market, the western area should use this trend to switch the old economy frame to a more open and specialized frame. One thing is important to take comparative advantage ,the other is to encourage the enterprise to organize the movement of technology and capital, to organize specialized labour-devision and scare-economy, in order to improve the overall competance.