造影剂的副反应及护理对策

Contrast Agents:Side Effects and Nursing Strategy

目的 观察数字减影血管造影 (DSA )及静脉肾盂造影 (IVP )造影剂的副反应发生情况 ,以提供预防和降低造影剂副反应的护理对策。方法 依病情需要将受检者分为DSA组和IVP组 ;DSA组依造影剂类型分为离子型和非离子型两亚组 ,前瞻性设计对其照影剂使用情况及副反应进行观察及记录。结果 ( 1)DSA组中离子型亚组副反应发生率为 3.10 % ,非离子型亚组发生率为0 .36% ;( 2 )IVP组使用离子型造影剂副反应发生率为 9 31% ;( 3)离子型亚组副反应发生率明显高于非离子型亚组 ,两亚组比较差异显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 根据病情选择合适的造影剂、预防用药、有效护理是减轻和减少造影剂副反应发生的有效方法。

Objective To observe side effects of DSA and IVP so as to seek a nursing strategy of preventing and reducing the side effects arising from the use of contrast agents.Methods Patients were divided into DSA and IVP groups,and the DSA group was further divided into ionic and nonionic subgroups according to the type of contrast agents used.Administration and adverse reactions of the contrast agents were observed and recorded on the basis of a prospective design.Results (1)The incidence of adverse reactions of the ionic medium was 3 1% and that of the nonionic medium was 0 36%in the DSA group;(2) The incidence of adverse reactions of the ionic medium was 9.31% in the IVP group; (3) The incidence of adverse reactions of the ionic medium was significantly higher than that of the nonionic medium in the DSA groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Selection of suitable contrast agents,use of preventive medicine and effective nursing are means of relieving and reducing side effects of contrast agents.