关于转轨经济的初步研究

Primary Studies on Transition Economy

社会主义国家始于 2 0世纪 5 0年代的变革探索已延续了半个世纪 ,世界上 30多个国家、1 /4的人口卷入了这场探索 ,这些国家可以统称为转轨经济国家。它们的经济运行既不能简单地用发达经济、发展中经济来界定 ,也不适合用市场经济、计划经济来界定 ,而是体现出特有的转轨经济共性。转轨经济应该成为一个独特的研究对象 ,转轨经济的研究不能局限于从传统理论或已有体制的视角出发 ,而应该立足于转轨经济国家已经走过的实际历程 ,归纳可以作为规律性的东西 ,寻求方法论上的创新。本文对开展这一研究的初步思考以整个转轨经济国家为背景 ,而以中国经济转轨为个案。

As of 1950s in 20 century,the economic reform,involved in one forth of the world population and more than 30 socialist countries,where the transition economy is termed,has lasted for over 50 years.The economies in those countries,with the characteristics of transition in common,can be defined by neither developed or developing economy nor market or planned one.Transition economy is a specific economic phenomenon and,hence,cannot be fully explained by either traditional economics or the existed economic institutions.We should deal with it from the experiences of the transiting countries and try to come to a general conclusion with an original methodology.The author tries to do so in the paper,taking China as an individual case.