太原市空气污染与儿童门诊量相关性研究

Study on Correlation Between Air Pollution and Children Outpatient Visits in Taiyuan

目的探讨空气污染对儿童健康的影响。方法根据1995～1997年太原市山西省儿童医院门诊量统计资料和太原市大气及气象监测资料 ,对太原市空气污染与儿童门诊量进行了相关性分析。结果太原空气污染物在1995～1997年的TSP ,SO2 月均值超过国家空气质量二级标准。其中以TSP超标最为严重 ,超标1.77倍。内科门诊量所占构成比最大 (60.72 % )。典型相关性分析结果表明在空气污染指标中SO2 的贡献最大 (β=0.9901) ,气象指标中气湿的贡献大于气温。空气污染的贡献大于气候因素。在门诊量指标中 ,内科门诊量贡献最大 (β=2.2793) ;内科急诊量次之 (β=1.9201)。结论空气污染与儿童门诊量的相关主要是SO2 与内科急诊和门诊量之间的相关。太原市的空气污染已对儿童健康造成一定程度的影响。

Objective To study the adverse effects of air pollution on children's health. Methods Based on statistical data on monthly outpatient visits of Shanxi Provincial Children Hospital, the monitoring data on air pollution and meteorological factors during 1995～1997 in Taiyuan, a correlation analysis on the levels of air pollutants and monthly children outpatient visits was carried out. Results The monthly means of both TSP and SO2 were over the National Air Quality Standard of grade Ⅱ. The level of TSP in air was 1.77 times as high as the national standard. The children outpatient visits to department of internal medicine made up the largest proportion in the hospital (60.72%). Canonical correlation analysis revealed that the levels of SO2 in air gave a greatest contribution (β=0.9901), air temperature did less than air humidity, and the levels of air pollutants did more than meteorological factors to children health damage. Compared with different departments in hospital, the outpatients of department of internal medicine provided the largest share in the total outpatients visits (β=2.2793), then did the emergence department of internal medicine (β=1.9201). Conclusion The more close correlation of air pollution and the children outpatient visits was mainly observed between the levels of SO2 and the outpatient visits to the departments of emergency and internal medicine. The air pollution in Taiyuan had caused adverse effects on children's health to a certain extent.