从嗓音疾病调查结果看“歌唱伤气”理论

STUDYING THE THEORY OF"SINGING IS HARMFUL TO QI"ON THE BASIS OF THE INVESTIGATION OF VOICE DISEASES

目的:为探讨“歌唱伤气”理论的正确性。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法,对比调查了502名歌唱学生和200名非歌唱学生嗓音疾病、气虚证和气滞证、肺活量、声时及歌唱学生发病诱因等情况。结果:歌唱学生气虚和气滞证发生率明显高于非歌唱学生(P<0.01),且歌唱学生嗓音疾病患者气虚和气滞证、肺活量值、声时值均与歌唱学生无嗓音疾病者及非歌唱学生嗓音疾病患者有非常显著差异(P<0.01)。歌唱学生气虚和气滞证人数比例随练声时间增加而增多,超过60分钟以上者高于60分钟以下者,高音歌唱者高于中音及低音歌唱者,惯用硬起音者高于不惯用者,胸腹式联合呼吸者低于单纯胸式或腹式呼吸者(P<0.01)。结论:“歌唱”引起的“伤气”是嗓音疾病产生的主要原因,“歌唱伤气”理论具有正确性和科学性。

Purpose:in order to discuss the correctness of the theory of'singingis harmful to QI'.Method:Investigate the voice disease,QI deficiency and QI stagnation,vi-tal capacity,voice hours and the inducing causes of singing students of502singing stu-dents and200non-singingstudents by contrast by the method of random sampling in groups.Result:The incidence of QI deficiency and QI stagnation of singing students is obviously higher than that of non-singingstudents(P<0.01),and there are very notable differences amongsinging students who suffer voice diseases,singing students without voice diseases and non-singingstudents who suffer from diseases in the aspects of QI deficiency and QI stagnation,vital capacity and voice hours.The rate of QI deficiency and QI stagnation in singing students increases along with the practising singing hours:over60minutes is higher than below60minutes;the high-tonesinger higher than the low-tonesinger;singers who are used to manageto begin singing with difficul ties higher than those who are not used to;thoracico-abdominalbreather lower than pure abdominal breather(P<0.01).Conclusion:'Harmfulto QI'induced by'singing'isthe major cause of voice diseases,'singingis harmful to QI'theory possesses the characteristics of cor-rectness and sci ence.