上海市郊人群土源性线虫感染与蔬菜、土壤虫卵污染情况调查

Survey of human infection and vegetable,soil contamination with eggs of soil-transmitted nematodes in Shanghai suburbs

[目的 ] 了解上海市郊土源性线虫虫卵污染蔬菜、土壤的情况及其与人群感染的关系。 [方法 ] 以上海市郊 10个区县的肠道蠕虫病监测点为调查点。每个点收集约 5 0 0名居民粪样 ,应用Kato -Katz法进行寄生虫学检查 ;并随机抽取 10户承包田种植的蔬菜 10种、土壤 10处 ,用饱和硝酸钠溶液漂浮法镜检虫卵。 [结果 ] 10个点共粪检6 70 2人 ,蛔、鞭、钩虫的感染率依次为 3.6 3%、2 .33%和 0 .2 2 %。 10 0户种植的 30种 776份蔬菜样本中 ,蛔、鞭、钩虫虫卵的检出率依次为 2 .96 %、0 .39%和 0 % ,以根菜、叶菜为主。 833份菜田土样中 ,虫卵检出率为 2 .76 % ,除 2份外均为蛔虫卵 ;瓜田、住宅周围等土壤中未发现虫卵。 [结论 ] 上海市郊种植的蔬菜和菜地土壤受到土源性线虫虫卵污染 ,污染率已低于 4% ,主要为蛔虫卵 ;人群感染率与当地蔬菜、土壤虫卵污染无明显相关。

Objective To know the contamination of vegetable and soil with soil-transmitted nematodes eggs and its relation to the human infection. Ten pilot spots of intestinal helminthiasis surveillance in ten counties of Shanghai suburbs were selected. In each pilot spot, about 500 stool specimens of residents were examined for parasitic infection by Kato-Katz. 10 sorts of vegetables and ten soil samples per household were collected from 10 families in each spot at random and examined for nematodes eggs by floating method with saturated nitric acid solution. The overall infection rate of ascarid was 3.63%, trichuris trichiura 2.33% and hook-worm 0.22% in 6 702 persons from 10 spots. The positive rate of the above mentioned 3 nematodes eggs that detected in 30 sorts 776 vegetable samples was 2.96%, 0.39%, and 0% respectively in which eggs were mostly polluted on the leaf and root vegetables (e.g. cabbage, cauliflower, turnips etc). Among 823 soil samples collected from vegetable field of 100 households, only ascarids eggs (2.76%) were found except for 2 samples. No egg was detected in soil of melori fields and surroundings of houses. [Conclusion] The rate of contamination of vegetables and soil with soil transmitted nematodes eggs was below 4% in Shanghai suburbs. The human infection rate of ascarisis was not correlated with the contamination of vegetables and soil.