高原实弹演习对战士心理健康的影响及相关因素分析

Mental Health of Soldiers in Mobile Troop after Live Ammunition on Plateau

目的 :研究高原实弹演习对战士心理健康的影响 ,为部队卫生保障提供依据。方法 :采用90项症状自评量表 (SCL -90 )、艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)及社会支持评定量表 (SSRS)对参加高原实弹演习的某快速反应部队战士进行心理健康状况调查 ,并与同期高原军人进行比较。结果 :演习后SCL -90各因子分均较演习前增高 ,演习前的躯体化、焦虑、强迫、精神病因子分及阳性项目数比高原军人低 ,演习后的躯体化、焦虑、恐怖、精神病因子分及阳性项目数比高原军人高 ,有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ,其他因子分无统计学意义上的差异 (P <0 0 5 )。演习后SCL -90总分高分组与低分组在EPQ量表的E分、N分、P分及SSRS总分和各因子分均有统计学意义上的差异 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。结论 :快速反应部队战士在高原实弹演习后存在较多的心理问题 ,心理问题的发生与战士的个性特征及社会支持有关。

Objective: To investigate the influence of live ammunition maneuver on mental health of soldiers in mobile troop. Method: 428 soldiers in mobile troop participating live ammunition maneuver on plateau were included. 198 soldiers in another troop garrisoned on plateau were collected as control. SCL-90, EPQ and SSRS (social support rating scale) were applied to soldiers in mobile troop before and after ammunition, and also to controls. Results: After ammunition, numbers of positive items and all 9 subscores of SCL-90 increased than before (P<0.01). Compared with control, subscores of somatization, anxiety, obsession, psychosis and numbers of positive items of SCL-90 in soldiers of mobile troop were lower before ammunition (P<0.05 or 0.01). After that, their subscores of somatization, anxiety, phobia, psychosis and numbers of positive items in SCL-90 were higher than control (P<0.05 or 0.01). There were significant differences of E score, N score, P score of EPQ and total score of SSRS between soldiers with high SCL-90 score and those with low SCL-90 score after ammunition. Conclusion: Live ammunition has influence on mental health of soldiers in mobile troop, which is also influenced by personality and social support of soldiers.