十类特殊家庭子女心理卫生状况的研究

Behavior Problems of Children in Special Families

目的 :探讨特殊家庭子女心理卫生的状况。方法 :对上海市 2 0个区县中离异、丧偶、再婚、特困、分居、本人残疾、寄养、父母残疾、服刑和孤儿这 10类家庭中 2 0 5 5名 8-2 1岁的子女进行了心理卫生状况的调查。结果 :显示特殊家庭行为问题发生率为 8 1%,其中男性 9 6 %,女性 6 4 %,男性行为问题发生率明显高于女性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,十类家庭中 ,每个家庭类型中男女性别行为问题发生率分别为 :本人残疾家庭 18 2 %,离异家庭 10 2 %,再婚家庭 8 4 %,丧偶家庭 4 3%,分居家庭 6 9%,寄养家庭 4 1%,服刑家庭 10 1%,父母残疾家庭 2 3%,孤儿家庭 1 5 %和特困家庭 6 0 %。与正常儿童相比 ,特殊家庭子女的行为总是都与居住地的社会风气、父母亲的教育方式和教育态度有关。结论 :特殊家庭子女心理健康状况需要引起社会的重视。

Objective: To study mental health of children in special families. Method: Achenbach Children Behavior Checklist was used to investigate 2048 children aged 8-16 of divorced family, separation family, spouse-loss family, remarried family, under poverty-line family, child-handicapped family, foster family, parent-handicapped family, criminal family, and orphan in twenty districts/counties of Shanghai. Results: The prevalence of behavior problem of them was 8.1%, while the rate in boys (9.6%) was significantly higher than that in girls (6.4%, χ 2=8.58, P<0.05). In each kind of special family, the rate had some difference, such as child-handicapped family (18.2%), criminal family (10.1%), poverty family (6.0%), divorced family (10.2%), remarried family (8.4%), separation family (6.9%), spouse-loss family (4.3%), foster family (4.1%), parent-handicapped family (2.3%), orphan (1.5%). Conclusion: mental health of children in special families.