汉语阅读障碍儿童的认知能力[II]

Subtypes of Reading Disorders in Chinese Children

目的 :进一步探讨汉语阅读障碍 (RD)儿童的认知特点及其认知亚型。方法 :采用韦氏儿童智力量表 (C -WISC)和韦氏记忆量表 (WMS -RC)以及汉语阅读技能诊断测验 (CRSDT)对 172例患儿和 6 1例正常儿童进行诊断与评估。结果 :1 RD儿童在Bannatyne、Kaufman智力模型及ACID公式中各变量成绩均低于对照组 ,在Bannatyne智力模型表现出空间能力 >数序列能力 >言语概念化 >获得性知识 ;Kaufman智力模型中表现为左脑加工能力差于右脑加工。 2 聚类分析表明RD儿童可分为三组亚型。结论 :1 RD儿童存在多方面的认知功能缺陷 ,其左右半球功能不平衡。 2 RD儿童存在三种认知障碍亚型。

Objective: To explore the possible subtypes of reading disorders in Chinese children by identifying intelligent models. Method: According to ICD-10 criteria, 172 children diagnosed as reading disorder (RD) were collected as study group, 63 of their classmates were randomly selected as control. The study instruments included C-WISC (Chinese Wechsler intelligence scale for children), WMS-RC (Wechsler memory scale Chinese revision), CRSDT (Chinese reading skill diagnostic test). Results: Compared with normal control, RD children had lower scores in Bannatyne model, Kaufman model and ACID formula. Their abilities from good to poor in Bannatyne's model showed as: spatial, sequential, verbal conceptualization, and acquired knowledge. In Kaufman model, their right brain process was better than their left-brain. Cluster analysis showed 3 subtypes of RD, the first was prominent in linguistic process deficiency, the second manifested as visual-space process deficiency, the third was a mixed type. Conclusion: Chinese RD children can be further divided into 3 subtypes.