压力对某些含能材料液态热行为的影响

Influence of Different Pressure on the Thermal Decomposition of Energetic Materials at Liquid State

利用常压差示扫描量热 (DSC)和高压差示扫描量热 (PDSC)的方法研究了HMX、RDX、TEGDN、TMETN、NG、PDADN、DATH、GAP和TNT等含能材料液态热分解时的分解放热焓、分解峰温在不同压力下的变化规律。结果表明 ,压力可以抑制这些含能材料的升华 (挥发 ) ,从而使其分解放热焓增大 ,分解峰温相应发生后移。压力可以使某些含能材料 (如TMETN、TEGDN、PDADN、DATH等 )液态分解时的自催化反应、气相产物之间的二次反应、主侧链竞争分解等一系列反应加强 ,并使其分解表观活化能发生变化。含叠氮基 (—N3)的化合物在压力抑制其升华 (挥发 )后 ,分解峰温不再受压力影响 。

The thermal decomposition of some liquid energetic materials such as TEGDN,TMETN,NG,and GAP and some energetic materials that could melt when they are heated such as HMX,RDX,PDADN,DATH and TNT are investigated when they were at liquid state by using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC).At different pressure,the different changes of the thermolysis enthalpy, ΔH ,and the peak temperature of the DSC curve, T m,are discussed.With pressure increasing, ΔH will increase and T m will be larger because pressure can restrain the sublimation or volatilization of these energetic materials.The autocatalysis reaction,the second reaction between gaseous products and the competition of the decomposition between backbone and branch are intensified by increasing pressure. T m of DSC curves of the compounds containing -N 3 will not chang after pressure restrain their sublimation or volatilization and the thermolysis of these compounds shows special laws compared with other energetic materials.