独立旋转车轮转向架曲线通过性能研究

Research on Curving Performance of a Bogie with Independently Rotating Wheels

独立旋转车轮能够消除轮轨间的纵向蠕滑 ,理论上不存在蛇行运动 ,故在直线上可以获得较高的临界速度 ,在曲线上可使因纵向蠕滑而产生的轮轨噪音消失。与传统轮对相比 ,独立旋转车轮缺乏由纵向蠕滑力而产生的导向力矩 ,故在曲线上无自导向功能 ,基本上只能靠轮缘导向。曲线通过性能是车辆动力学研究领域中的重要课题之一。车辆由直线进入曲线 ,特别是通过缓和曲线时 ,由于受到线路的各种激扰 ,轮轨间将产生复杂的作用力 ,对车辆的曲线通过性能产生极大的影响。本文建立独立旋转车轮转向架车辆的动力学计算模型 ,模拟实际线路 ,利用数值模拟方法对车辆通过曲线的全过程进行动态仿真计算 ,得出独立旋转车轮转向架和传统轮对转向架曲线通过的动力学响应值。通过对两种转向架曲线通过时的轮轨横向力、脱轨稳定性及轮轨磨耗等动力学性能进行分析比较 。

Independently rotating wheels which have no hunting motion in theory have a high critical speed in straight track , noises between wheel and rail may be removed in the sharp curve because longitudinal creepage of independently rotating wheels may be eliminated. But since independently rotating wheels have no turning moment resulting from longitudinal creepage, independently rotating wheels lack guiding ability and can but basically depend on flange to guide. Curving performance is one of important topics on the vehicle dynamics. Because of inputting of all kinds of interfering factors, complicated forces will cause between wheel and rail, and curving performance will be affected importantly when the vehicle run from straight track to curve, especially mitigate curve. In this paper, the dynamic calculating model of a vehicle with independently rotating wheels are established. The dynamic responses of a bogie with independently rotating wheels and traditional wheelsets are calculated respectively by using numerical simulation to the whole process that the vehicle negotiates the curve at a constant speed. Dynamics of the two bogies such as lateral force between wheel and rail, derailing stability and wear etc, are compared., the existent problem that a bogie with independently rotating wheels negotiates the curve is put forward.