层状硅酸盐矿物填料在聚合物中的应用及发展

Layer Silicon Mineral Application and Their Future

高岭土、云母、滑石三种常见的层状硅酸盐矿物在聚合物中作为填料对聚合物的刚性、尺寸稳定性及其它物理化学性能如抗压、抗冲击、耐腐蚀、绝缘性有显著的影响。滑石粉可以提高填充材料的刚度、冲击强度、硬度和降低线膨胀系数等;高岭土可增大材料的体积、提高塑料的绝缘强度、电阻,增强对红外线阻隔效果等;白云母有利于提高聚丙烯的刚性和屈服强度、冲击强度和断裂伸长率等。聚合物/层状矿物纳米材料的制备作为新兴的技术有着广阔的应用前景。

Talc, mica and kaolinite,the three main layer silicon minerals, as fillers in the polymer,can influence the properties of polymer. They can increase the polymer's stiffness, durability of dimension and some special physical and chemical properties such as compression intensity,impacting resistance, corrosion resistance and insulation. Talc can improve the compression intensity, impacting resistance, hardness and depress the line expanding coefficient of polymer etc. Kaolinite can increase the insulated intensity, volume, resistance of plastic. Mica can enhance the bend and pack intensity, rupture elongation ratio etc. The polymer/clay mineral nano - composites is also reviewed.