气温-地温变化模型确立方法及其在水准测量上的应用

Methods of atmospheric temperature-subsurface temperature variation models and application to leveling mark

依据土壤学、气象学、热力学等多学科理论 ,研究建立气温 -地温变化模型的确立方法 ,并分析模型对水准测量标志的温度改正的有效性 ,研究其在水准测量上的应用。由于地理位置和地质条件的复杂性 ,拟以地带性土壤分类的方法进行建模。针对森林土壤的红壤类型 ,依据傅立叶规律性 ,利用桂林地区实测资料反演其衰减系数 ,用三次样条插值函数建立计算模型。在MathCAD中进行 ,便捷成图 ,计算单点值或积分值。以广西某电站多年实测数据为例 ,检验模型的有效性和精度 ,证明所建模型在α =0 0 1水平上显著 ,回归方程有效。用该模型对水准标志受地温变化的影响进行改正 ,年周期最大改正值Δh达0 4mm ,其精度MΔh≤± 0 0 2 4mm可以满足三等精密工程测量或二等变形测量的要求。

Based on soil science?meteorology and thermodynamics theories, atmospheric temperature_subsurface temperature variation models are set up. The research focuses on analyzing the validity on modification of leveling mark in temperature variation and its application of models on precise leveling.In sophisticated geographic and geological conditions, models are sorted out in the zonation character of soils. In the red soil of the forest series, decay coefficients are inverted by Guilin surveying data in Fourier's regularity. In Math CAD model pictures in 3-splines function are drawn to analyze validity and F-verification of models in surveying data of a hydraulic power plant in Guangxi in several years. The results prove that the model is valid for α=0.01.Models are verified effective value Δh=±0.40 mm in temperature variation in yearly period, its precision M Δh ≤±0.024 mm meets demands for third_order precise leveling or second-order engineering deformation surveying.