滑坡堵江坝溃决洪水及其演进的理论分析

Theoretics analyse on outburst flood and its process for landslide dam

崩滑堵江事件在世界范围内 ,尤其在山区广泛存在。溃坝后形成的洪水异常凶猛 ,洪峰高达几米至几十米 ,演进过程中常造成下游严重灾害。因此 ,崩滑堵江事件及其灾害链已严重影响人类的工程经济活动。本文对溃决洪水流量、洪峰及其演进过程进行了理论分析 ,建立了一套预测溃坝洪水特征的计算公式 ,并用实例验证 。

The natural damming of rivers by landslides is a significant hazard in many areas.Landslide damming is particularity common in mountainous regions.Natural dams may cause upstream flooding as the lake rises and downstream flooding as a result of failure of the dam.Differences in flood peaks of natural dam failures appear to be controlled by dam characteristics and failure mechanisms.Based on the actual condition of outburst,the shape of break section is reasonably analzed,method of computing peak discharge under the care of instantaneous break is modified,and the outburst flood of natural dam is discussed.The results are very reliable and valuable verified by historic recorded flood.